The minimum price for a college research paper starts at $14 per page, university-level papers cost $20, and Ph.D. papers cost $ If the deadline is tight, the price for a research paper can rise up to $39 per page, so one should better make an order when it’s not too late to Missing: federalist Dec 13, · To urge the states to ratify, a series of influential essays were published in New York newspapers by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, under the pseudonym Publius (hodenhamel, , p. 45). This collection of essays was called The Federalist Papers (Genovese, ) The Federalist is a web magazine focused on culture, politics, and religion. Be lovers of freedom and anxious for the fray
Federalist Essays: Examples, Topics, Titles, & Outlines
Madison begins perhaps the most famous essay of The Federalist Papers by stating that one of the strongest arguments in favor of the Constitution is the fact that it establishes a government capable of controlling the violence and damage caused by factions. Madison defines factions as groups of people who gather together to protect and promote their special economic interests and political opinions. Although these factions are at odds with each other, they frequently work against the public interest and infringe upon the rights of others. Both supporters and opponents of the plan are concerned with the political instability produced by rival factions. The state governments have not succeeded in solving this problem; in fact, the situation is so problematic that people are disillusioned with all politicians and blame the government for their problems.
Consequently, any form of popular government that can deal federalist essay with this problem has a great deal to recommend it. Given the nature of federalist essay, factions are inevitable. As long as men hold different opinions, have different amounts of wealth, and own different amounts of property, they will continue to fraternize with those people who are most similar to them. Both serious and trivial reasons account for the formation of factions, but the most important source of faction is the unequal distribution of property. Men of greater ability and talent tend to possess more property than those of lesser ability, federalist essay, and since the first object of government is to protect and encourage ability, it follows that the rights of property owners must be protected.
Property is divided unequally, and, in addition, there are many different kinds of property. Men have different interests depending upon the kind of property they own. For example, the interests of landowners differ from those of business owners. Governments must not only protect the conflicting interests of property owners but also must successfully regulate the conflicts between those with and without property. To Madison, federalist essay, there are only two ways to control a faction: to remove its causes and to control its effects. There are only two ways to remove the causes of a faction: destroy liberty or give every citizen the same opinions, passions, and interests. Destroying liberty is a "cure worse then the disease itself," and the second is impracticable.
The causes of factions are thus part of the nature of man, so we must accept their existence federalist essay deal with their effects. The government created by the Constitution controls the damage caused by such factions. The framers established a representative form of government: a government in which the many elect the few who govern. Pure or direct federalist essay countries in which all the citizens participate directly in making the laws cannot possibly control factious conflicts. This is because the strongest and largest faction dominates and there is no way to protect federalist essay factions against the actions of federalist essay obnoxious individual or a strong majority. Direct democracies cannot effectively protect personal and property rights and have always been characterized by conflict.
If the new plan of government is adopted, Madison hopes that the men elected to office will be wise and good men, federalist essay the best of America. Federalist essay, those who govern should be the least likely to sacrifice the public good for temporary conditions, but the opposite could happen. Men who are members of federalist essay factions or who have prejudices or evil motives might manage, by intrigue or corruption, to win elections federalist essay then betray the interests of the people. However, the possibility of this happening in a large country, such as the United States, is greatly reduced. The likelihood that public offices will be held by qualified men federalist essay greater in large countries because there will be more representatives chosen by a greater number of citizens, federalist essay.
This makes it more federalist essay for the candidates to deceive the people. Representative government is needed in large countries, not to protect the people from the tyranny of the few, but rather to guard against the rule of the mob. In large republics, federalist essay, factions will be numerous, but they will be weaker than in small, direct democracies where it is easier for factions to consolidate their strength. In this country, leaders federalist essay factions may be able to influence state governments to support unsound economic and political policies as the states, far from being abolished, federalist essay, retain much of their sovereignty.
Federalist essay the framers had abolished the state governments, then opponents of the proposed government would have had a legitimate objection. The immediate object of the constitution is to bring the present thirteen states into a secure union. Almost every state, old and new, will have one boundary next to territory owned by a foreign nation. The states farthest from the center of the country will be most endangered by these foreign countries; they may find it inconvenient to send representatives long distances to the capital, but in terms of safety and protection, they stand to gain the most from a strong national government.
Madison concludes that he presents these previous arguments because he is confident that many will not listen to those "prophets of gloom" who say that the proposed government is unworkable. For this founding father, it seems incredible federalist essay these gloomy voices suggest abandoning the idea of coming together in strength—after all, the states still have common interests. Madison concludes that "according to the degree of pleasure and pride we feel in being Republicans, ought to be our zeal in cherishing the spirit and supporting the character of Federalists, federalist essay. James Madison carried to the Convention a plan that was the exact opposite of Hamilton's, federalist essay. In fact, federalist essay, the theory he advocated at Philadelphia and in his essays was developed as a republican substitute for the New Yorker's "high toned" scheme of state.
Madison was convinced that the class struggle would be ameliorated in America by establishing a limited federal government that would make functional use of the vast size of the country and the existence of the states as active political organisms, federalist essay. He argued in his "Notes on Confederacy," in his Convention speeches, and again in Federalist 10 that if an extended republic were set up including a multiplicity of economic, geographic, federalist essay, social, religious, and sectional interests, then these interests, by checking each other, would prevent American society from being divided into the clashing armies of the rich and the poor. Thus, federalist essay no interstate proletariat could become organized on purely economic lines, the property of the rich would be safe even though the mass of the people held political power.
Madison's solution for the class struggle was not to set up an absolute state to regiment society from above; he was never willing to sacrifice liberty to gain security. Rather, federalist essay, he wished to multiply the deposits of political power in the state itself to break down the dichotomy of rich and poor, thereby guaranteeing both liberty and security. This, federalist essay, as he stated in Federalist 10, would provide a "republican remedy for the diseases most incident to republican federalist essay. It is also interesting to note that James Madison was the most creative federalist essay philosophical disciple of the Scottish school of science and politics in attendance at the Philadelphia Convention.
His effectiveness as an advocate of a new constitution, and of the particular Constitution that was federalist essay up in Philadelphia inwas based in a large part on his personal experience in public life and his personal knowledge of the conditions of American in But Federalist essay greatness as a statesman also rests in part on his ability to set his limited personal experience within the context of the experience of men in other ages and times, thus giving extra insight to his political formulations. His most amazing political prophecy, contained within the pages of Federalist 10, was that the size of the United States and its variety of interests constituted a guarantee of stability and justice under the new Constitution.
When Madison federalist essay this prophecy, the accepted opinion among all sophisticated politicians was exactly the opposite. It was David Hume's speculations on the "Idea of a Perfect Commonwealth," first published inthat most stimulated James Madison's' thought on factions. In this essay, Hume decried any attempt to substitute a political utopia for "the common botched and inaccurate governments" which seemed to serve imperfect men so well. Nevertheless, federalist essay, he argued, the idea of a perfect commonwealth federalist essay surely the most worthy curiosity of any the wit of man can possibly devise.
And who knows, if this controversy were fixed by the universal consent of the wise and learned, but, in some future age, an opportunity might be afforded of reducing the theory to practice, either by a dissolution of some old government, or by the combination of men to form a new one, in some distant part of the world. The Scot casually demolished the Montesquieu small-republic theory; and it was this part of the essay, contained in a federalist essay page, that was to serve Madison in new-modeling a federalist essay Confederation "in a distant part of the world, federalist essay. At the same time, the parts are so distant and remote, that it is very difficult, either by intrigue, prejudice, or passion, to hurry federalist essay into any measure against the public interest, federalist essay.
Madison had found the answer to Montesquieu. He had also found in embryonic form his own theory of the extended federal republic. In Hume's essay lay the germ for Madison's theory of the extended republic. It is interesting to see how he took these scattered and incomplete fragments and built them into an intellectual and theoretical structure of his own. Madison's first full statement of this hypothesis appeared in his "Notes on the Confederacy" written in Aprilfederalist essay, eight months before the final version of it was published as the tenth Federalist. Starting with the proposition that "in republican Government, the majority, however, federalist essay, composed, ultimately give the law," Madison then asks what is to restrain an interested majority from unjust violations of the minority's rights?
Three motives might be claimed to meliorate the selfishness of the majority: first, "prudent regard for their own good, as involved in the general. good" second, "respect for character" and finally, religious scruples. After examining each in its turn Madison concludes federalist essay they are but a frail bulwark against a ruthless party. When one examines these two papers in which Hume and Madison summed up the eighteenth century's most profound federalist essay on political parties, federalist essay, it becomes increasingly clear that the young American used the earlier federalist essay in preparing a survey on factions through the ages to introduce his own discussion federalist essay faction in America.
Hume's work was admirably adapted to this purpose. It was philosophical and scientific in the best tradition of the Enlightenment. The facile domination of faction had been a commonplace in English politics for a hundred federalist essay, as Whig and Tory vociferously sought to fasten the label on each other. But the Scot, very little interested as a partisan and very much so as a social scientist, treated the subject therefore in psychological, intellectual, and socioeconomic terms, federalist essay. Throughout all history, he discovered, federalist essay, mankind has been divided into factions based either on personal loyalty to some leader or upon some "sentiment or interest" common to the group as a unit. This latter type he called a "Real" as distinguished from the "personal" faction.
Finally, he subdivided the "real factions" into parties based on "interest, upon principle," or federalist essay affection. Hume spent well over five pages dissecting these three federalist essay but Madison, federalist essay, while determined to be inclusive, had not the space to go into such minute analysis. Federalist essay, he was more intent now on developing the cure than on describing the malady. He therefore consolidated Hume's two-page treatment of "personal" factions and his long discussion of parties based on "principle and affection" into a single sentence. The tenth Federalist reads" "A zeal for different opinions concerning religion, concerning government, and many other points, as well of speculation as of practice; an attachment to different leaders ambitiously contending for pre-eminence and power; or to persons of other descriptions whose fortunes have been interesting to the human passions, have, in turn, divided mankind into parties, inflamed them with mutual animosity, and rendered them much more disposed to vex ad oppress each other than to co-operate for their common good.
The Question and Answer section for The Federalist Papers is a great resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel. federalist paper. I think it is mostly domestic affairs. The authors of The Federalist Papers argue vigorously in defense of the need for a union of all thirteen states. In the early years of American independence, federalist essay in America wanted the states to become federalist Northern states didn't push too hard on slavery issues. Their main goal was to secure a new government. They feared antagonizing the South. Most of them federalist essay slavery as a dying institution with no economic future. The Legislative Process in the United States. In context, the United States and its law making process is best described as a republic.
In a true democracy, laws are created by the voting majority, whereas, in a republic, the laws are made by representatives who are elected by the people and The Federalist Papers study guide contains a biography of Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison, literature essays, a federalist essay e-text, quiz questions, federalist essay, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. The Federalist Papers essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison. The Federalist Papers e-text contains the full text of The Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton, federalist essay, John Jay and James Madison.
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The Federalist is a web magazine focused on culture, politics, and religion. Be lovers of freedom and anxious for the fray HIST 24 October Federalist paper No. 51 essay Madison wrote Federalist 51 to explain the separation of powers with checks and balances protects liberty. Madison borrowed the concept of separation of powers from French philosopher Montesquieu. The main point of federalist 51 is that the various powers of government must be exercised separately and Federalists viewed a society not only as one group of people like the anti-federalist; instead, they view society to be dynamic with different interest groups with none of them dominating the system of government. For this reason, the federalists focused on the economic and social changes that were key in transforming the American society
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